Hariho impamvu nyinshi zo gutakaza ibitotsi, cyane cyane mubice bikurikira:
1. Ingaruka y'ibikoresho fatizo
Niba sima yakoreshejwe hamwe nu muti wa pompe bihuye kandi bigahinduka bigomba kuboneka hifashishijwe ikizamini cyo kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere.Umubare ntarengwa wibikoresho byo kuvoma bigomba kugenwa hifashishijwe ikizamini cyo kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere hamwe na sima ya sima.Ingano yibintu byinjira mu kirere no kudindiza ibikoresho byo kuvoma bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku gutakaza ibitonyanga.Niba hari ibintu byinshi byinjira mu kirere no kudindiza, gutakaza ibitonyanga bya beto bizatinda, bitabaye ibyo igihombo kizihuta.Gutakaza igabanuka rya beto yateguwe hamwe na naphthalene ishingiye kuri superplasticizer irihuta, kandi igihombo kiratinda mugihe ubushyuhe buke buri munsi ya +5 ° C.
Niba anhydrite ikoreshwa nkuguhindura igenamigambi muri sima, gutakaza igihombo cya beto bizihuta, kandi imbaraga za kare zigizwe na C3A muri sima ni nyinshi.Niba sima yo mu bwoko bwa "R" ikoreshwa, ubwiza bwa sima nibyiza cyane, kandi igihe cyo gushiraho sima kirihuta, nibindi. Bizatera igihombo cyo guta beto kwihuta, kandi umuvuduko wibihombo bya beto bifitanye isano nubwiza kandi ingano y'ibikoresho bivanze muri sima.Ibirimo C3A muri sima bigomba kuba muri 4% kugeza 6%.Iyo ibirimo biri munsi ya 4%, ibice byinjira mu kirere hamwe na retarder bigomba kugabanuka, bitabaye ibyo beto ntizakomera igihe kirekire.Iyo ibirimo C3A birenze 7%, bigomba kongerwa.Ikirere cyinjiza ikirere, bitabaye ibyo bizatera igihombo cyihuse cyo gutemba kwa beto cyangwa gushiraho ibinyoma.
Ibirimo ibyondo nibibumbano byibyondo byuzuye hamwe na agregate nziza zikoreshwa muri beto zirenze izisanzwe, naho ibiri mubice byurushinge rwamabuye yamenetse birenze ibipimo, bizatera igihombo cya beto kwihuta.Niba igiteranyo cyinshi gifite umuvuduko mwinshi wo kwinjiza amazi, cyane cyane ibuye ryamenaguwe rikoreshwa, nyuma yo guhura nubushyuhe bwinshi mugihe cyizuba ryinshi, iyo rimaze gushyirwa muruvange, rizakuramo amazi menshi mugihe gito. yigihe, bikaviramo kwihuta gutakara kwa beto mugihe gito (30min).
2. Ingaruka zo gukangura
Igikorwa cyo kuvanga beto nacyo kigira ingaruka kubutaka bwa beto.Icyitegererezo cyo kuvanga no kuvanga imikorere bifitanye isano.Kubwibyo, kuvanga birasabwa gusanwa buri gihe kandi kuvanga ibyuma bigomba gusimburwa buri gihe.Igihe cyo kuvanga beto ntigomba kuba munsi ya 30.Niba ari munsi ya 30s, kugabanuka kwa beto ntiguhungabana, bigatuma igihombo cyihuta cyane.
3. Ingaruka z'ubushyuhe
Ingaruka yubushyuhe ku gutakaza igabanuka rya beto birahangayikishije cyane.Mu gihe cy'izuba ryinshi, iyo ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya 25 ° C cyangwa hejuru ya 30 ° C, igihombo cya beto kizihuta hejuru ya 50% ugereranije n’ubwa 20 ° C.Iyo ubushyuhe buri munsi ya + 5 ° C, igihombo cya beto kizaba gito cyane cyangwa ntikizimire..Kubwibyo, mugihe cyo gukora no kubaka beto yavomwe, witondere cyane ingaruka zubushyuhe bwikirere kumanuka wa beto.
Gukoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi bwibikoresho fatizo bizatera beto kwiyongera mubushyuhe no kwihutisha igihombo.Mubisanzwe birasabwa ko ubushyuhe bwa beto busohoka bugomba kuba muri 5 ~ 35 ℃, hejuru yubushyuhe, birakenewe gufata ingamba zijyanye na tekiniki, nko kongeramo amazi akonje, amazi yubukonje, amazi yubutaka kugirango akonje kandi ashyushya amazi na koresha ubushyuhe bwibikoresho fatizo nibindi.
Muri rusange birasabwa ko ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwo gukora bwa sima hamwe n’ibivangwa bitagomba kuba hejuru ya 50 ° C, kandi ubushyuhe bwo gukora bw’amazi ashyushye ya beto yavomye mu gihe cy'itumba ntibugomba kuba hejuru ya 40 ° C.Hariho leta yibeshya muri mixer, kandi biragoye kuva mumashini cyangwa kuyitwara kurubuga kugirango ipakururwe.
Iyo ubushyuhe buke bwibikoresho bya sima byakoreshejwe, niko ingaruka mbi yo kugabanya amazi yibintu bigabanya amazi muri pompe ya pompe ya beto, kandi niko gutakaza beto byihuse.Ubushyuhe bwa beto buragereranywa no gutakaza ibitotsi, kandi igihombo gishobora kugera kuri 20-30mm mugihe beto yiyongereyeho 5-10 ℃.
4. Imbaraga
Gutakaza igihombo cya beto bifitanye isano nimbaraga za beto.Gutakaza igabanuka rya beto hamwe nu rwego rwo hejuru birihuta kuruta ibya beto yo mu rwego rwo hasi, kandi gutakaza beto yamenetse byihuta kuruta ibya beto yamabuye.Impamvu nyamukuru nuko ifitanye isano nubunini bwa sima kuri buri gice.
5. Imiterere ya beto
Beto ihagaze neza gusinzira byihuse kuruta imbaraga.Muburyo bugira imbaraga, beto ihora ikangurwa, kuburyo ibice bigabanya amazi mubikoresho byo kuvoma bidashobora kubyitwaramo neza na sima, bikabuza iterambere rya hydrata ya sima, kuburyo igihombo cyo guta ari gito;muburyo buhagaze, ibice bigabanya amazi birahuye rwose na sima, inzira ya hydrata ya sima irihuta, bityo igihombo cya beto cyihuta.
6. Imashini zitwara abantu
Umwanya muremure wo gutwara hamwe nigihe cyikamyo ivanga beto, amazi make yubusa ya clinker ya beto bitewe nubushakashatsi bwimiti, guhumeka amazi, kwinjiza amazi hamwe nizindi mpamvu, bikaviramo gutakaza beto yataye igihe.Barrale nayo itera igihombo cya minisiteri, nayo ikaba ari impamvu ikomeye yo gutakaza gusinzira.
7. Suka umuvuduko nigihe
Mubikorwa byo gusuka beto, umwanya muremure kugirango clinker ya beto igere hejuru ya silo, kugabanuka kwamazi yubusa mumashanyarazi ya beto bitewe nubushakashatsi bwimiti, guhumeka amazi, kwinjiza amazi hamwe nizindi mpamvu, bikaviramo gutakaza ibitotsi ., cyane cyane iyo beto yerekanwe kumurongo wa mukandara, ahantu ho guhurira hagati yubuso n’ibidukikije ni binini, kandi amazi aguruka vuba, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku gutakaza kwa beto.Ukurikije ibipimo nyirizina, iyo ubushyuhe bwikirere buri hafi 25 ℃, gutakaza umwanya wa clinker ya beto bishobora kugera kuri 4cm mugihe cyigice cyisaha.
Igihe cyo gusuka beto kiratandukanye, nacyo kikaba impamvu ikomeye yo gutakaza gusinzira.Ingaruka ni nto mugitondo na nimugoroba, kandi ingaruka ni nyinshi saa sita na nyuma ya saa sita.Ubushyuhe mugitondo na nimugoroba ni buke, umwuka uhumeka uratinda, kandi ubushyuhe nyuma ya saa sita na nyuma ya saa sita ni bwinshi.Kurushaho gutembera no guhuzagurika, niko bigoye kwemeza ubwiza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-01-2022